C++ Programming

The C++ bit format flags changes the characteristics of .The flags hold the current setting for the . We can turn the flags on or off using built-in function such as or . Changing the behavior of the object is useful in displaying output only after bit level manipulation. Here is the list of flags … Read more

The C++ manipulators are stream functions that modify the characteristics of input and output stream. It is used for formating the input and output stream by changing format flags and values for the stream. The list of manipulator function is located in header file. You need to include this header to use the manipulator functions … Read more

In C language, the input and output operations are performed using built-in library functions such as printf() and scanf(). But, C++ uses a new method of standard input and output called I/O stream. A stream is a  bytes of characters from memory to display on screen or read from the keyboard to the computer memory. … Read more

Earlier you learned about C++ program structure. In this article, you will learn to write about your first C++ program and program elements in detail. The meat of the C++ is in main function, and before main we need to declare the header files. Simple C++ Program Let us consider an example program and then … Read more

The unary operators take a single argument in C++ language. Some of the operators you have already seen in previous articles are unary operators. Here is the list of unary operators. Unary Operators Description * Dereference operator & Address Of operator – Minus sign ! Not  operator ~ Complement ++ Increment operator — Decrement operator … Read more

Most high-level language does not allow a bitwise operation because it is a machine level task. The bit is manipulated in memory to get the desired results using bitwise operators. The list of bitwise operators are as follows Bitwise Operators Description & Bitwise AND | Bitwise OR ^ Bitwise XOR << Bitwise left shift >> … Read more

In C++ programs sometimes we need to check for equality of two variables or two expressions. The result of which is a boolean value such as true or false. The equality operators help us compare two numbers or expressions. This will change the flow of the program in different directions. There are two equality operators: … Read more

The C++ relational operators used to compare two numbers and check which one is larger or smaller than the other. The result is a boolean value – true or false. There are four relational operators listed here. Relational Operator Description < Less than > Greater than <= Less than or equal to >= Greater than … Read more

C++ identifiers are names that identify program elements such as variables using alphabets, numbers, and underscore. Here is the list of characters for: Alphabets: Numbers: Underscore: Any other character from your keyboard that does not fall under the above category is called a special character. The uppercase and lowercase are distinct characters. They have different … Read more

The C++ needs logical operators to control the flow of the program. The expressions involving logical operators evaluate to boolean value – true or false. Then the program makes decisions based on the outcome. There are three types of logical operators. Logical Operators Description && Logical AND || Logical OR ! Not Note that there … Read more