HTML Links

HTML links are called hyperlinks. The hyperlinks connect HTML page to one another so that you can jump from one page to another page.

We recommend to learn the basics of HTML before you begin this lesson. If you know HTML basics, skip following links and continue reading.

HTML Anchor Tag

Links are added using the <a>...</a> tag, also called the anchor tags. The syntax for <a> tag is given below.

<a href="http://www.example.com/index.html" 
title= "Example Page" target=" _blank" > Example Page </a>

The example has following HTML components.

<a> = HTML tag for link element.

href = to specify Uniform Resource Locator (URL).

title = to specify title of the link element.

target = to specify where to open the document. By default opens in the same document.

Example Page = the “text information” when clicked will open the link in a new document.

For example, create a new html page – example-links.html and insert the following HTML codes.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title> Add HTML links </title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>Fruit and Vegetables are good for health. 
        Learn about fruits and Vegetables.</p>
        <h1>Fruits</h1>
        <p><a href="http://www.example.com/Mango.html title ="Mango Fruit" target="_blank" >Mango</a></p>
        <p><a href="http://www.example.com/Apple.html title ="Apple Fruit" target="_blank" >Apple</a></p>
        <p><a href="http://www.example.com/Banana.html title ="Banana Fruit" target="_blank" >Banana</a></p>
        <h1>Vegetables</h1>
        <p><a href="http://www.example.com/Potato.html title ="Potato" target="_blank" >Potato</a></p>
        <p><a href="http://www.example.com/Carrot.html title ="Carrot" target="_blank" >Carrot</a></p>
        <p><a href="http://www.example.com/Onion.html  title ="Onion" target="_blank" >Onion</a></p>
    </body>
</html>

Output

Each of the link element is enclosed within a paragraph tag ... because the link element <a>…</a> is inline, where paragraph is a block element and starts with a new line every time.

Image Links

Links are not limited to text, but you can set an image link. When you click on a image link, the effect is same as clicking a textual link. A new HTML document opens up.

For example, create a new HTML page called example-image-link.html. Insert following code into the HTML document.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>HTML Image Links</title>
    </head>
    <body.
    <h1> Image Link</h1.
    <a href="http://www.puppy.html">
    <img src="puppy.jpg" alt="puppy" 
    title="Image of Puppy" width="540" height="389" />
    </a>
    </body>
</html>

Output

When you highlight an image link, the title of the image and destination URL of the image are displayed.

Target Attributes

The target attribute tells us where to open the destination HTML document. The possible values for target attribute are as follows.

_blank – open document in a new browser window or tab.
_self – open document in .same browser windows or tab.
_parent – open the document in parent frame.
_top – open the document in full body of the window.
frame name – open the document in a named frame.

Local Links

Sometimes the links are from the HTML pages stored in local computer, not from internet. In this case, the http:// prefix is not required, unless you are hosting an HTML page locally.

For example, create an HTML page called example-local-links.html and insert the following codes.

<DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title> HTML Local Links </title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Most Popular Sports</h1>
        <p><a href="Baseball.html">Baseball </a></p>
        <p><a href="Cricket.html">Cricket</a></p>
        <p><a href="Football.html">Football</a></p>
    </body>
</html>

Output

The links are the same, but the target page is stored locally.

Bookmarks

The bookmarks are special links created using id attribute. It is a two-step process.

Select an element and give an id to the element.
Use the id value as link destination.

For example, create an HTML document called example-bookmarks.html. Enter the following HTML codes and save the file.

Bookmark within Same Page

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head> 
        <title>HTML Bookmarks</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1>HTML Bookmark Example</h1>
    <a href="#bottom" > Go to Bottom</a>
    <p id="top">
        Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, 
        consectetur adipiscing elit, 
        sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore 
        et dolore magna aliqua. 
        Ut enim ad minim veniam, 
        quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut 
        aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. 
        Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate 
        velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. 
        Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, 
        sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt 
        mollit anim id est laborum.
    </p>
    <p>
        Consectetur lorem donec massa sapien faucibus. 
        Nulla aliquet porttitor lacus luctus accumsan 
        tortor posuere. Consequat ac felis donec et odio 
        pellentesque diam. Aliquam ut porttitor leo a diam 
        sollicitudin tempor id eu. Leo a diam sollicitudin 
        tempor id eu nisl nunc. Sed cras ornare arcu dui 
        vivamus arcu felis bibendum. In eu mi bibendum neque egestas. 
        Arcu dictum varius duis at consectetur lorem donec. 
        Tristique et egestas quis ipsum suspendisse ultrices 
        gravida. Arcu vitae elementum curabitur vitae. 
        Orci ac auctor augue mauris augue.
    </p>
    <p id="bottom">
        Venenatis urna cursus eget nunc scelerisque 
        viverra mauris in. Tellus elementum sagittis 
        vitae et. Est ullamcorper eget nulla facilisi 
        etiam. Consectetur adipiscing elit duis tristique 
        sollicitudin nibh sit amet commodo. Leo vel orci 
        porta non pulvinar neque laoreet suspendisse. 
        Tristique et egestas quis ipsum suspendisse. 
        Cras sed felis eget velit aliquet sagittis id 
        consectetur. Blandit massa enim nec dui nunc 
        mattis. Auctor eu augue ut lectus arcu. Aliquet 
        lectus proin nibh nisl. Sociis natoque penatibus 
        et magnis.
    </p>
    <a href="#top" > Go to Top</a>
    </body>
</html>